Today’s road tunnels are highly specialized technological units. A whole series of systems operate together and in synchronization in the tunnel, a large part of which relates to fire safety and protection systems. Fire incidents are particularly dangerous due to the characteristic structure of the tunnel, with limited evacuation possibilities and the very rapid development of high temperatures and large amounts of smoke. CTP PROJEKT ltd. has many years of experience in designing complete fire protection solutions for road tunnels, as well as designing systems that participate in this protection.
SERVICES:
- All levels of design for ventilation, fire alarm and fire protection systems
The basis for the design of ventilation in tunnels, both in Croatia and in neighboring countries in the region, were the Austrian RVS guidelines for the design and construction of tunnels. The design solutions use the latest technology based on sensor cables to monitor the main tunnel tubes. In most of the newly built tunnels, systems with optical sensor cable have been designed, which ensure high reliability and resistance to false alarms. The projects, as for ventilation systems, were made based on Austrian RVS guidelines.
- Review of fire protection measures (fire protection elaborate) and fire risk studies
The fire protection elaborate for tunnels is prepared as documents directly defined by legislation, the content of which is precisely defined. They provide basic input data in terms of applied fire protection measures for all other projects needed to define the facility. Fire risk studies often cover entire sections of motorways and roads and are a more free-form document in which basic assessments of possible causes of fire hazards are made, as well as the possibility of scheduling and operating firefighting brigades.
- Consulting and numerical analysis
As part of this service, we create specialized numerical simulations of fire and smoke development, using validated CFD software tools. Such calculations are used in situations where the direct application of prescriptive design rules cannot provide an answer to the questions of building construction and evacuation of people related to the spread of fire.
- Algorithms and scenarios for tunnel procedures
U današnjim modernim tunelima opremljenim suvremenom opremom za nadzor, daljinsko upravljanje, zaštitu od požara, upravljanje prometom, za efikasno upravljanje tunelom traži se integracija svih sustava s visokom razinom automatskih procedura, kako bi se ubrzalo vrijeme reakcije i olakšao rad operaterima u kontrolnim centrima tunela. Pretpostavka za to je definiranje scenarija svih mogućih tipičnih situacija u tunelu i procedura koje iz njih proizlaze za pojedine sustave u tunelu, iz kojih se u slijedećoj fazi razrađuju konkretni algoritmi za programiranje SCADA-e centralnog nadzornog suatava. U Hrvatskoj su trenutno u većem broju tunela implementirani takvi nadzorni sustavi bazirani na scenarijima i algoritmima, kao što su tuneli Mala Kapela, Sv. Rok, Brinje, Grič itd.. Tunel Brinje je primjerice 2007. godine proglašen za najsigurniji tunel u Europi u okviru programa ocjenjivanja Euro TAP.
- Fire tests with verification of all tunnel systems
All tunnels in Croatia in which ventilation and fire alarm systems are installed are tested before commissioning in accordance with the Austrian guidelines for the design and construction of RVS tunnels. Testing is performed using the so-called. “Pool – fire” of open flame, in strictly controlled conditions. CTP PROJEKT prepares detailed fire test programs, performs supervision and coordination of testing and prepares final reports with analysis of results.
- Design and professional supervision
To monitor the construction process, we perform design and professional supervision.
The need to modernize the existing railway network in Croatia and build new routes, which should be connected to the European railway network, opened a new area for the design of modern railway tunnels that should meet the requirements of modern electric trains and new technologies used in traffic management and protection from fires and other incidents in today’s tunnels. From the beginning, CTP PROJEKT participated in the complete fire protection solution design of the new lowland railway Zagreb – Rijeka.
In relation to road tunnels, a particularly pronounced new problem is the aerodynamics in the tunnel due to the passage of trains at high speed, more precisely the occurrence of significant pressure shocks. In cooperation with the Swiss company HBI Hearter Ltd, we made an aerodynamic study of the tunnel on the planned line Zagreb – Rijeka, which analyzed the predicted cross sections of the tunnel in relation to train speeds, which was an important input in further tunnel design.
SERVICES:
- All levels of design for ventilation, fire alarm and fire protection systems
As there are currently no national regulations for the design of railway tunnels, we rely on the EU directives and the UIC (Union Internationale des Chemin de Fer) codes. In the projects we use the latest technological solutions for fire alarm and ventilation systems for railway tunnels, using proven experience in Europe and the world.
- Review of fire protection measures (fire protection elaborate) and fire risk studies
Fire protection elaborate for tunnels provide basic input data in terms of applied fire protection measures for all other projects needed to define the facility. Fire risk studies often cover entire sections of railways and are a freer document in which basic assessments of possible causes of fire hazards are made, as well as the possibility of scheduling and operating fire brigades.
- Consulting and numerical analysis
Railway tunnels and trains running through them place completely new demands on designers, which did not exist in road tunnels. Among the more important issues is the problem of aerodynamics in the tunnel due to the passage of trains at high speed, more precisely the occurrence of significant pressure shocks. In collaboration with renowned European companies, such as the Swiss company HBI Hearter Ltd, we prepare tunnel aerodynamic studies, which analyze the predicted cross sections of tunnels in relation to train speeds, which is an important input in further tunnel design. Railway tunnels often exceed the length of road tunnels, so the problem of evacuating passengers in the event of an incident is further complicated. CTP PROJEKT makes numerical simulations of passenger evacuation in railway tunnels using validated computer programs such as Exodus.
- Design and professional supervision
To monitor the construction process, we perform design and professional supervision.
Due to their importance in the traffic system, high concentration of people and high traffic of goods, airports are buildings that in the design and construction phase should be given special attention in every respect, especially in terms of safety and security. CTP PROJEKT for such facilities develops a complete fire protection solution for all phases of the project, starting from the fire protection elaborate to the design of all systems involved in fire protection – ventilation, smoke extraction systems, fire alarm, gas alarm, stable fire extinguishing systems, etc. In addition, we provide consulting services for specific technical systems such as energy systems, with an emphasis on modern cogeneration systems.
SERVICES:
- All levels of design for ventilation systems, fire alarm, gas alarm, smoke extraction and other systems involved in fire protection
The emphasis in this service is on understanding the problem of fire protection in such a complex building as a whole and accordingly optimizing the design solutions of all systems involved in fire protection, as well as optimal and coordinated interaction of these systems with other technical systems in building.
- Review of fire protection measures (fire protection elaborate) and fire risk studies
For complex buildings such as airports, fire protection elaborate is a key document that looks at the whole of fire protection for the building and provides the necessary input data for all other projects that make up the project documentation. We have experience in the application of foreign regulations that the investor, with the consent of our institutions, may request as a basis for design. For example, for the New Terminal of Zagreb Airport, at the request of investors, we developed a complete fire protection solution using BS (British Standard) guidelines.
- Consulting and numerical analysis
We create specialized numerical simulations of fire development and smoke spread in the building using validated CFD software tools. Such calculations are used in situations when the direct application of prescriptive design rules cannot answer the questions of building construction and evacuation of people related to the spread of fire. We provide consulting services in the field of harmonization of design solutions for all technical systems in fire protection.
- Design and professional supervision
To monitor the construction process, we perform design and professional supervision.